| barplot {base} | R Documentation |
Creates a bar plot with vertical or horizontal bars.
barplot(height, width = 1, space = NULL, names.arg = NULL,
legend.text = NULL, beside = FALSE, horiz = FALSE,
col = heat.colors(NR), border = par("fg"),
main = NULL, sub = NULL, xlab = NULL, ylab = NULL,
xlim = NULL, ylim = NULL,
axes = TRUE, axisnames = TRUE, inside = TRUE, plot = TRUE, ...)
height |
either a vector or matrix of values describing the
bars which make up the plot. If height is a vector, the
plot consists of a sequence of rectangular bars with heights
given by the values in the vector. If height is a matrix
and beside is FALSE then each bar of the plot
corresponds to a column of height, with the values in the
column giving the heights of stacked ``sub-bars'' making up the
bar. If height is a matrix and beside is
TRUE, then the values in each column are juxtaposed
rather than stacked. |
width |
optional vector of bar widths. |
space |
the amount of space (as a fraction of the average bar
width) left before each bar. May be given as a single number or
one number per bar. If height is a matrix and
beside is TRUE, space may be specified by
two numbers, where the first is the space between bars in the
same group, and the second the space between the groups. If not
given explicitly, it defaults to c(0,1) if height
is a matrix and beside is TRUE, and to 0.2
otherwise. |
names.arg |
a vector of names to be plotted below each bar or
group of bars. If this argument is omitted, then the names are
taken from the names attribute of height if this
is a vector, or the column names if it is a matrix. |
legend.text |
a vector of text used to construct a legend for
the plot. This is only useful when height is a matrix.
In that case the legend labels should correspond to the rows of
height. |
beside |
a logical value. If FALSE, the columns of
height are portrayed as stacked bars, and if TRUE
the columns are portrayed as juxtaposed bars. |
horiz |
a logical value. If FALSE, the bars are drawn
vertically with the first bar to the left. If TRUE, the
bars are drawn horizontally with the first at the bottom. |
col |
a vector of colors for the bars or bar components. |
border |
the color to be used for the border of the bars. |
main,sub |
overall and sub title for the plot. |
xlab |
a label for the x axis. |
ylab |
a label for the y axis. |
xlim |
limits for the x axis. |
ylim |
limits for the y axis. |
axes |
logical. If TRUE, a vertical (or horizontal, if
horiz is true) axis is drawn. |
axisnames |
logical. If TRUE, and if there are
names.arg (see above), the
other axis is drawn (with lty=0) and labeled. |
plot |
logical. If FALSE, nothing is plotted. |
... |
further graphical parameters (par) are
passed to plot.window() and title(). |
This is a generic function, it currently only has a default method. A formula interface may be added eventually.
A numeric vector (or matrix, when beside = TRUE), say
mp, giving the coordinates of all the bar midpoints
drawn, useful for adding to the graph.
If beside is true, use apply(mp, 2, mean) for the
midpoints of each group of bars, see example.
plot(..., type="h"), dotplot,
hist.
tN <- table(Ni <- rpois(100, lambda=5))
r <- barplot(tN, col='gray')
#- type = "h" plotting *is* `bar'plot
lines(r, tN, type='h', col='red', lwd=2)
barplot(tN, space = 1.5, axisnames=FALSE,
sub = "barplot(...., space= 1.5, axisnames = FALSE)")
data(VADeaths, package = "base")
barplot(VADeaths, plot = FALSE)
barplot(VADeaths, plot = FALSE, beside = TRUE)
mp <- barplot(VADeaths) # default
tot <- apply(VADeaths, 2, sum)
text(mp, tot + 3, format(tot), xpd = NA, col = "blue")
barplot(VADeaths, beside = TRUE,
col = c("lightblue", "mistyrose", "lightcyan",
"lavender", "cornsilk"),
legend = rownames(VADeaths), ylim = c(0, 100))
title(main = "Death Rates in Virginia", font.main = 4)
hh <- t(VADeaths)[, 5:1]
mybarcol <- "gray20"
mp <- barplot(hh, beside = TRUE,
col = c("lightblue", "mistyrose",
"lightcyan", "lavender"),
legend = colnames(VADeaths), ylim= c(0,100),
main = "Death Rates in Virginia", font.main = 4,
sub = "Faked upper 2*sigma error bars", col.sub = mybarcol)
segments(mp, hh, mp, hh + 2*sqrt(1000*hh/100), col = mybarcol, lwd = 1.5)
all(dim(mp) == dim(hh))# corresponding matrices
mtext(side = 1, at = apply(mp, 2, mean), line = -2,
text = paste("Mean", formatC(apply(hh, 2, mean))), col = "red")