pg. 820, #43

Find the volume of the largest rectangular box with edges parallel to the axes that can be inscribed
in the ellipsoid .

Solution:

The rectangular box is pictured below.

Its dimensions are 2x, 2y, and 2z. In addition z is a function of x and y so the volume V(x,y) is given by . Computing the partials,

Next, from the geometry of the problem, if x = 0 or y = 0, then the volume of the box is 0.
So at a maximal point,

To see that there is a maximum in the first quadrant at , let C be the region in
the first quadrant by the line x = 0, the line y = 0 and the ellipse . Then:

1. on the boundary of C.
2. for (x,y) inside C.
3. space is a continuous function. So must have a maximum inside C.

Our analysis of critical points shows that is the only critical point in the
first quadrant. Consequently, the function does indeed have a max at this critical point.

(An alternative argument to show that the function has a max at the critical point could be based on
the second derivative test. This would mean calculating the second order partials)

The maximal value is

.